Which diseases are transmitted through airborne transmission?

Airborne transmission refers to the spread of infectious diseases through tiny respiratory droplets that are released into the air when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes. These droplets can remain suspended in the air and can be inhaled by individuals who are at a distance from the source of infection.

Meningitis and tuberculosis are both diseases known to be transmitted through the airborne route. Tuberculosis is especially notable for its ability to spread in enclosed spaces, where the infectious droplets can linger in the air for prolonged periods. Meningitis, particularly certain types caused by viral or bacterial infections, can also be transmitted through respiratory droplets, making these conditions significant in discussions about airborne diseases.

In contrast, the other options list diseases that are not primarily transmitted via airborne means. Herpes and hepatitis are typically spread through direct contact with infected fluids or lesions rather than through the air. Similarly, HIV/AIDS is predominantly transmitted through sexual contact or the sharing of needles, not through airborne routes. Understanding the modes of transmission for each disease is critical for implementing effective prevention and control measures in healthcare settings and the community.